Kim CY, et al. - This study was planned to assess the usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) score as a predictor of the outcomes of lung transplantation (LTX) by analyzing data of 132 patients who had single or double LTX at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, between October 2010 and April 2016. Independent prognostic factors were age, sex, body mass index, use of preoperative mechanical ventilation, C-reactive protein level, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and PNI score. According to multivariate regression analysis, preoperative PNI score was significantly related to postoperative survival, even after adjusting for other confounding factors. For identifying high-risk lung transplant recipients, PNI is a useful prognostic marker. For postoperative morbidity and mortality reduction, preoperative nutritional assessment using PNI might provide valuable information.