Crépin T, Legendre M, Carron C, et al. - Researchers assessed immune senescence at different chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages as well as its impact on CKD patient outcomes in this longitudinal prospective analysis. They obtained data from 222 patients at different CKD stages [1–2 (n = 85), 4 (n = 53) and 5 (n = 84)]. CKD was identified to be related to a rise in immune senescence as well as inflammation biomarkers, as follows: low thymic output, a raised proportion of terminally differentiated T cells restricted to cytomegalovirus-positive patients, telomere shortening and a rise in C-reactive protein levels. A link of shorter relative telomere length (RTL) with death was revealed in multivariate analysis. Overall, the link of CKD with premature immune ageing was evident. Experts noted that each of these changes raised the risk of particular age-associated diseases, such as RTL and death, thymic function and infections and terminally differentiated CD8⁺ T-cell expansion and cardiovascular events. .