Peng HH, Ko HH, Chi NC, et al. - Researchers conducted this investigation to analyze the clinicopathological importance of nucleophosmin/nucleoplasmin family 1 (NPM1) as a prognostic marker for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Specimens from 96 OSCC, 45 oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), and 29 normal oral mucosa (NOM) were collected. Via immunohistochemistry, NPM1 expression was analyzed. In OSCCs, the NPM1 labeling indices (LIs) were significantly higher than in NOM and oral OED. Higher NPM1 expression correlated significantly with larger tumor size, nodal metastasis, and advanced clinical stage. According to multivariate analysis, higher NPM1 LIs were an unfavorable independent factor for survival. Upregulated NPM1 is an independent poor prognosis biomarker and NPM1 inhibitors may be promising against OSCC in molecular targeted therapy.