Verma S, et al. - Researchers sought to assess whether gene expression signatures and cytokine levels would distinguish active Tuberculosis (TB) in advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). A case-control study of whole blood RNA-Seq and plasma cytokine/chemokine analysis was conducted in HIV-infected with CD4+ T cell count of ≤ 100 cells/μl, with and without active TB. Findings suggest that TB in advanced HIV could be independently predicted by gene expression of FcGR1A and BATF2, and plasma protein levels of IFNγ and CXCL10. However, these final candidates need to be validated as specific to TB in the advanced HIV population with TB since other lung diseases were not included in this study.