Caulley L, Eskander A, Yang W, et al. - Researchers sought to report the results of adopting two recent strategies developed to limit overtreatment of low-risk thyroid cancers: the new diagnostic category, noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillarylike nuclear features (NIFTP), and the change in guideline support for hemithyroidectomy for selected PTCs up to 4 cm in size.

• A cross-sectional analysis of 3,368 pathology records of 2 cohorts of patients from 18 hospitals in 6 countries during 2 time periods (2015 and 2019).

• NIFTP was diagnosed in 4.8% of papillary thyroid neoplasms in 2019.

• Between 2015 and 2019, there was an increase in the proportion of eligible PTCs treated with hemithyroidectomy.

• Overall findings suggest mixed success of overtreatment prevention strategies: NIFTP diagnosis has only been applied to a small proportion of cancers, but more patients were managed with hemithyroidectomy when eligible.