Lisco A, Hsu AP, Dimitrova D, et al. - This study’s findings demonstrate that natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity seems to play a role in containing human papillomavirus (HPV) colonization and the ensuing HPV-related hyperplastic or dysplastic lesions.

• Researchers presented the case of a young man who had encephalitis caused by the herpes simplex virus during adolescence and currently presented with multiple recurrent skins and mucosal lesions caused by HPV.

• The individual was observed to have a pathogenic germline mutation in the X-linked interleukin-2 receptor subunit gamma gene, which was somatically reverted in T cells but not in NK cells.

• It was shown that allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation led to the restoration of NK cytotoxicity, with normalization of the skin microbiome and persistent remission of all HPV-related diseases.