Heeringa JJ, et al. - In the context of a trial (DAVOS trial, registered at Current Controlled Trials ISCRTN88136485), researchers carried out this investigation to determine if successful treatment in maritime and alpine climates normalizes B- and T lymphocytes in children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). In the DAVOS trial, 88 children with moderate to severe AD were randomized to 6 weeks of treatment in moderate maritime climate (outpatient setting) or in the alpine climate (inpatient setting). Changes in blood B- and T cell subsets, as induced by clinically successful treatment of AD, were indicative of reduced chronic inflammation. Particularly, an impact of multidisciplinary inpatient treatment in the alpine climate on memory B cells, CD8+ T cells and Th2 cells was seen. These cell types could represent good markers for treatment efficacy.