Indolfi G, et al. - Given the lack of information regarding the burden of paediatric hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection across Europe and the current policies regarding monitoring and treatment, researchers undertook this collaborative study gathering aggregate data to describe the population of ≤18-year-olds with HCV infection in specialist follow up in a 12-month period (2016) across the PENTAHep European consortium, and examine current policies around monitoring and treatment. In April 2017, they distributed a cross-sectional, web-based survey to 50 pediatricians in 19 European countries, covering patients' profile, and monitoring and treatment practices. Of these, 38 clinicians collectively caring for 663 children with chronic HCV infection responded. The most common HCV genotype was genotype 1, followed by genotype 3, 4 and 2. With chronic HCV infection, cirrhosis was diagnosed in 17 children (3%); liver transplantation for HCV-related liver disease was reported in 6 children. In 2016, the majority (n 425; 64.1%) of the European children with HCV infection remained treatment-naive. Clinicians' attitudes towards treatment were identified to be influenced by age; willingness to use direct-acting antivirals was reported in 94%, if available, in adolescents (aged ≥11 years), 78% in children aged 6-10 and 42% in those 3-5 years of age.