Wang Z, et al. - Researchers conducted this prospective observational study to assess macular microvascular changes and associated factors in diabetic patients following uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery. The sample consisted of 21 diabetic patients (21 eyes) and 21 non-diabetic controls (21 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification surgery. The amount of deep capillary plexus (DCP)-vessel density (VD) reduction was associated with thickening of foveal and parafoveal, high cumulative dissipated energy, and increased concentration of hemoglobin A1c. In diabetic patients, phacoemulsification induced transient decline in DCP-VD, which was correlated with poor glycemic control, surgical trauma, and postoperative macular thickening. The findings introduced a new dimension to the perception of the complex biologic effects of cataract surgery in diabetic patients.