Qadir R, Costales T, Coale M, et al. - Researchers investigated the proportion of Staphylococcus aureus infections among patients with operatively treated fractures and surgical site infection after use of topical vancomycin powder vs those who did not receive topical vancomycin powder. In this retrospective cohort study, a significantly lower proportion of cultures positive for S. aureus was reported in patients with surgical site infection who received vancomycin powder than those who did not receive vancomycin powder. Findings suggest a possible effect of vancomycin powder on the bacteriology of surgical site infections. It reduced the proportion in culture of the most common organism typically present after fracture surgery infection. The application of vancomycin powder was thus suggested to alter the bacteriology of surgical site infections when they occur; this was noted regardless of the effect on overall infection rates.