Aydin BK, Kadioglu A, Kaya GA, et al. - In girls with premature adrenarche (PA), early changes in uterus and breast glands were evident. Endometrial thickness was found to be positively related to insulin levels.

• As suggested, PA appears a risk factor for future health issues such as metabolic syndrome and early menarche.

• In this case-control study, 48 girls with premature pubarche due to PA and age (mean age 7.6±1.0 years), weight, body mass index, birth weight and gestational age matched 49 girls with no palpable breast tissue, were included.

• A greater height and higher bone ages were seen in girls with PA.

• No differences in fasting blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol, LH, FSH and estradiol were found between the groups.

• On ultrasonography, presence of breast gland tissue was detected in 30% of girls with PA and 5% of controls.

• Girls with PA had higher uterine volume and endometrial thickness.