Falcone M, Bassetti M, Tiseo G, et al. - As high mortality related to bloodstream infections (BSIs) by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) has been reported, researchers examined the link between time to delivery of appropriate antibiotic treatment and the outcome of patients with BSI by KPC-Kp hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) in this observational analysis undertaken in the ICUs of two academic centers in Italy. The link between time from blood cultures (BC) acquisition to appropriate antibiotic treatment and 30-day mortality was assessed as the primary outcome. In this study with 102 patients with KPC-Kp BSI, the 30-day mortality was estimated to be 45%. In patients who survived vs who died, a shorter median time to appropriate antibiotic therapy was reported. Lower 30-day mortality was reported in relation to the receipt of an in vitro active therapy within 24 h from BC collection, this was revealed by a propensity score matching. Primary bacteremia, cardiovascular disease, time (24-h increases) from BC acquisition to appropriate treatment, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and age, all were identified as factors related to 30-day mortality, at Cox regression analysis. Decreased risk of the composite endpoint (30-day death OR nephrotoxicity) was reported in relation to ceftazidime-avibactam-containing regimens vs colistin-containing regimens. Overall, 30-day mortality in patients with KPC-Kp BSI was independently predicted by time to appropriate antibiotic therapy. Initiating appropriate antibiotic treatment within 24 h from the collection of BC was recommended.