Jia L, Zhang N, Ren L, et al. - The present study was conducted to assess the clinical performance of a newly developed three-dimensional (3D) intra- and extracranial arterial vessel wall joint imaging procedure at 3T applying T1-weighted 3D variable-flip-angle turbo spin-echo sequence with improved cerebrospinal fluid suppression in patients with cerebrovascular disease. The 3D intra- and extracranial arterial vessel wall joint imaging sequence with and without contrast enhancement on a 3 T MR system were applied to image 122 consecutive patients (mean age 45.96 ± 12.16 years) with clinically confirmed cerebrovascular symptoms. There were 322 plaques (111 culprit plaques) except for 23 patients, prognosticated in 96 patients with large artery atherosclerosis. For comprehensive diagnosis of cerebrovascular symptoms and investigation of etiology, the described joint imaging is a useful vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging method. It was noted that the imaging method is a potentially valuable means to optimize treatment.