Jankowska M, et al. - This study was performed on end-stage kidney disease patients treated with hemodialysis (HD), to determine the whole blood content of thiamine diphosphate (TDP, a bioactive compound of vitamin B1), impact of a single HD procedure on TDP blood concentrations, and to describe potential explanatory variables affecting TDP dialysis-related losses, including dialysis prescription, vitamin B1 dietary intake and supplementation. A substantial loss of TDP was noted during the HD procedure but the magnitude of its loss was related to the patient's body weight and remained unaffected by vitamin B1 dietary intake and standard supplementation dose.