Kudose S, Santoriello D, Bomback AS, et al. - Researchers analyzed a cohort of 437 HIV-positive patients with kidney biopsy interpreted at Columbia University from 2010-2018 employing the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification, in this retrospective clinical-pathologic study. They found immune complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) and diabetic nephropathy each outnumbered HIV-related nephropathy, followed by tenofovir nephrotoxicity, FSGS-not otherwise specified (NOS) and global sclerosis (NOS). Among patients not receiving antiretroviral treatment, the most common disease was HIV-associated nephropathy, and 94% were black. IgA nephropathy and membranous glomerulopathy were identified as the most common ICGNs, both were found to be related to anti-retroviral therapy (over 90%), followed by hepatitis C-associated proliferative ICGN. Overall, a shift in the landscape of HIV-associated kidney disease has been brought about by anti-retroviral therapy, and this shift is toward diverse ICGN, diabetic nephropathy, and non-collapsing glomerulosclerosis, but anti-retroviral therapy has not eradicated HIV-related nephropathy.