In this study, genetically predicted lipoprotein A (Lp(a)) levels were found to be linked with an elevated prostate cancer (PCa) risk. Future investigations are needed to understand the underlying biological pathways of this observation, as it may inform PCa prevention through Lp(a)-lowering strategies.

• Using data from genome-wide association studies and a two-sample summary-level Mendelian randomization approach with both univariable and multivariable (MVMR) models, researchers sought to find evidence for any link between various blood lipids [i.e., low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A (apoA) and B (apoB), and Lp(a)] and total, advanced, as well as early age onset PCa.

• Higher total PCa risk was observed in relation to genetically predicted concentration of Lp(a), both in the univariable (OR _{weighted median} per standard deviation (SD) = 1.091) and MVMR analyses post-adjustment for the other lipid traits (OR _{inverse variance weighting} per SD = 1.068).

• Genetically predicted Lp(a) was also found to be linked with advanced (MVMR OR _{inverse variance weighting} per SD = 1.078) and early age onset PCa (MVMR OR _{inverse variance weighting} per SD = 1.150).

• No link was found between genetically predicted levels of HDL, TG, apoA and apoB, and PCa risk.