Peters KE, et al. - The association between serum adiponectin, ADIPOQ variants and haplotypes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) was evaluated in this analysis. In a community-based cohort followed for an average of 12 years, baseline data, including serum total adiponectin and 21 ADIPOQ polymorphisms were available for 1,076 participants. In community-based patients with T2D, serum total adiponectin and gender-specific ADIPOQ variants predicted coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke, but not heart failure, independently of other risk factors. No association was found between a high serum total adiponectin and CVD.