Li P, et al. - Given that Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly present with central obesity and that BMI, a criterion determining central obesity, combined with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), certainly reflects body composition and fat mass distribution, researchers here examined the utility of DXA-derived measures in the evaluation of metabolic surgery. From October 2010 to October 2012, gastric bypass was performed on 78 Chinese patients with central obesity [Waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90 cm for males, WC ≥ 85 cm for females] or BMI above 27.5 kg/m². Central obesity was diagnosed in a total of 57 of 78 cases (73.1%). The analysis of preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative metabolic parameters and DXA results revealed a significant decrease in BMI, WC, and Waist-hip ratio at each point in time, with a significant improvement in fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin secretion, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index. The analysis revealed a higher significance of body fat mass percentage (%BF) as a predictor of obesity, with BMI significantly underestimating visceral adipose tissue. For metabolic surgery evaluation as well as patient selection, they identified total %BF and android %BF, in addition to BMI, as clinically useful indicators.