Peters BA, et al. - In this pilot study, researchers studied the link between lung microbiota and lung cancer prognosis in 19 non-small cell lung cancer patients. They performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on paired lung tumor and remote normal samples from the same lobe/segment. They assessed recurrence-free and disease-free survival in correlation with tumor or normal tissue microbiome diversity and composition. Findings revealed an association between higher richness and diversity in normal tissue and reduced recurrence-free survival and disease-free survival, as was normal tissue overall microbiome composition. Increased recurrence-free and disease-free survival were observed in relation to greater abundance of family Koribacteraceae in normal tissue, while reduced recurrence-free or disease-free survival were evident in relation to greater abundance of families Bacteroidaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae. Findings, for the first time, highlighted a potential link between the normal lung microbiota and lung cancer prognosis.