Ronge L, Sloot R, Du Preez K, et al. - Since the clinical utility of the magnitude of interferon-gamma (IFNγ) in response to mycobacterial antigens is uncertain, researchers sought to explore the connection between quantitative IFNγ response and degree of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure, infection, and tuberculosis (TB) disease status in children. The sample consisted of children (≤ 15 years) exposed to an adult with bacteriologically confirmed TB, 2007–2012 in Cape Town, South Africa. Data from 669 children (median age, 63 months; interquartile range, 33–108 months) were analyzed. The magnitude of IFNγ response associated with the degree of recent M. tuberculosis exposure, measured by QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) and T-SPOT.TB, and was related to clinically relevant TB phenotypes utilizing the QFT-GIT. IFNγ values are not only helpful in estimating the risk of M. tuberculosis infection, but they may also aid in the diagnosis of TB disease in children.