Cox J, et al. - The authors aimed to determine if the surgical treatment of endometriosis improves the concurrent symptoms of Bladder Pain Syndrome. Excisional treatment of endometriosis significantly improved pelvic pain in patients with concurrent endometriosis and BPS. This was particularly evident in women with only mildly elevated PUF scores, urinary frequency, and nocturia. Risk factors for persistent pain were significantly elevated PUF scores, urinary frequency, nocturia, and obesity. For persistent pain, O'Leary–Sant scores were not predictive. This study suggested that excisional endometriosis treatment could be particularly beneficial for women with BPS symptoms and anterior cul–de–sac endometriosis. Findings thereby underscored the significance of performing both laparoscopy and cystoscopy in the evaluation of female chronic pelvic pain.