Cho HW, Ouh YT, Min KJ, et al. - By retrospectively analyzing data from patients who were managed for hydatidiform moles between 1995 and 2016, researchers examined the link between previous cesarean section (C/S) and risk for post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). For variables related to the occurrence of post-molar GTN and invasive mole, they estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals by using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. A total of 182 patients received a diagnosis of molar pregnancy and underwent treatment from 1995 to 2016. Higher age, gravidity, and parity were noted in patients with previous C/S (C/S group) vs those without previous C/S (non-C/S group). Post-molar GTN, invasive mole, hysterectomy, and chemotherapy were more commonly reported in the C/S group. Previous C/S, abortion history, and pretreatment β-hCG were identified as independent risk factors for post-molar GTN, in multivariate analysis. Findings revealed C/S as a strong risk factor for the occurrence of post-molar GTN and invasive mole. For the treatment of hydatidiform moles in patients with a C/S history, consideration can be given to aggressive management, such as multi-agent chemotherapy or hysterectomy.