Kakoly NS, et al. - Using the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) (2000–2015) database, researchers analyzed the impact of obesity on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Using person-time and survival analysis, they estimated nationwide incidence rates and predictors of type 2 diabetes in women (aged 18–42). Data reported that the incidence rate was 4.19/1,000 and 1.02/1,000 person-years (PYs) in PCOS and control subjects. Findings suggested that women with PCOS have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, regardless of age and BMI. The incidence of type 2 diabetes significantly increases with increased obesity, however, PCOS increases the relative risk of lean women. Guideline recommendations suggest type 2 diabetes screening every 1- 3 years for all women with PCOS in BMI categories and age ranges, with frequency influenced by additional risk factors for type 2 diabetes. In the entire cohort, PCOS was one of the most influential predictors for type 2 diabetes adjusting for BMI, education, area of residence, and family history of type 2 diabetes.