Perugi G, et al. - This study was designed to investigate the influence affective temperaments on clinical features and functional outcome of bipolar I patients that initiated or changed pharmacological treatment for mania. Findings suggested that affective temperaments seem to influence the course of mania. There appeared a relation between Childhood emotional abuse and neglect and cyclothymic disposition. Cyclothymic subjects displayed more residual depressive symptoms and Hyperthymic temperament in association with a better short-term functional outcome.