Lüll K, Arffman RK, Sola-Leyva A, et al. - Using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, researchers conducted this prospective, case-control study to compare the gut microbiome in late fertile age women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and ascertain if changes in the gut microbiome correlate with PCOS-related metabolic parameters. The sample consisted of 102 PCOS women and 201 age- and BMI-matched non-PCOS control women. According to the findings, bacterial diversity indices did not vary significantly between PCOS and controls. PCOS and non-PCOS women at late fertile age with comparable BMI do not vary markedly in their gut microbial profiles. Depending on their metabolic health, however, there are significant microbial changes in PCOS individuals.