Li CZ, et al. - The efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) was examined in antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-positive patients with a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and high D-dimer levels. In patients with a spontaneous ICH, the concurrent presence of positive aPL and a higher D-dimer level could worsen the neurological outcome. For the treatment of such patients, aggressive PE was effective, decreasing the extent of the intensive care unit hospitalization.