Xu X, et al. - In this system review and quantitative meta-analysis, researchers assessed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies combined with chemotherapy or CTLA4 antibody as first-line treatments for patients with advanced lung cancer. The meta-analysis included 12 trials. For non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy, the combined overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 47.0% and 80.9%, respectively, whereas for the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), the combined ORR and DCR for CTLA4 antibody combined with chemotherapy were 65.4% and 87.6%, respectively. Overall, checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy combination treatment in lung cancer showed synergistic activity and an acceptable safety profile.