Scott S, et al. - The researchers sought to assess the efficacy of targeted relative to empiric prophylaxis regimens (EAP) on rates of infectious complications following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUSPB). They also evaluated the baseline prevalence of fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance based on prior rectal swabs. They noted that rectal culture before TRUSPB and the use of targeted antibiotic prophylaxis (TAP) adjusted for endemic FQ resistance was related to less infectious complications leading to morbidity when compared to empiric regimens. As a result, overtreatment associated with augmented prophylaxis approaches could be reduced.