Fabbri C, et al. - Through a repeated cross-sectional, 2 × 2 factorial, cluster-randomized controlled trial, in which each cluster was a village (rural) or ward (urban) between Jan 13, and Feb 5, 2015, experts assessed the impact of report cards, which has information regarding village-level indicators of maternal and neonatal health care, and participatory meetings targeted at health providers and community members (including local leaders) on the coverage of maternal and neonatal health care in Uttar Pradesh, India. Forty-four clusters to the provider group, 45 clusters to the community group, 45 clusters to the provider and community group, and 44 clusters to the control group were distributed. As per their random assigning, report cards of collated survey data were given to recipient groups. The primary outcome in 3,133 women (795 in the provider group, 781 in the community group, 798 in the provider and community group, and 759 in the control group) who delivered during implementation of the intervention, between Feb 1, 2016, and July 18, 2017 (the end of the second follow-up survey) were estimated. No meaningful impact of the report card intervention on the population of women who had at least four antenatal care visits was observed. Hence, no detectable impact on the coverage of maternal and neonatal health care by maternal health report cards that had information on village performance, targeted at either the community or health providers was concluded. Moreover, in order to learn how the content of information and the delivery of report cards could influence the success of this type of social accountability intervention, future research is required.