Caumo W, et al. - The authors evaluated the psychometric properties (including internal consistency, construct validity, reproducibility, and factor structure) of the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), adapted and validated for a Brazilian population (CSI-BP). Also, they assessed the association between the CSI-BP and the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and determined if the symptoms elicited by the CSI-BP discriminate between subjects who do/do not respond to the conditioned pain modulation (CPM) task, as evaluated by change in numeric pain scale (0–10) score. They found that CSI-BP was a psychometrically strong and reliable instrument, with primary evidence of validity. Higher scores on the CSI-BP were associated positively with serum BDNF and with greater dysfunction of the descending pain-modulatory system.