Chandra A, Seidelmann SB, Claggett BL, et al. - Among Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants, researchers focused on long-term links of retinal vessel calibres with incident heart failure (HF), in those with and without prevalent macrovascular disease, as well as examined how these were associated with cardiac structure and function. The included participants had undergone retinal photography between 1993 and 1995. They found a significant link between central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) and incident HF, after adjustment with clinical risk factors. Also, CRVE widening and central retinal arteriolar equivalent narrowing were found to be related to larger left ventricular size, higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy, and worse measures of diastolic and systolic function, adjusted for age, gender, and race. Characterized by retinal microvasculature, retinal vessel calibre imaging was identified as a simple, non-invasive tool that enabled the prediction of incident HF and adverse cardiac structure/function 18 years in the future, thereby giving insight into systemic cardiovascular health.