Osei AD, et al. – Via analysis of data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)—a large, nationally representative, cross-sectional telephone survey— researchers evaluated the relationship between prevalence of e-cigarette use and incidence of cardiovascular disease among never-smokers and concurrent combustible cigarette smokers. Among 449,092 participants, they identified 15,863 as concurrent e-cigarette users and 12,908 as dual users of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes; approximately 10% of participants had cardiovascular disease. They noted greater odds of cardiovascular disease among twofold users of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes compared with smoking alone. They also found premature cardiovascular disease in females aged <65 years and males aged < 55 years.