Sally K. Abell et al. - The aim of this study was to explore the correlation of adipocytokines and other inflammatory markers with development of GDM. The data illustrated that decreased HMW adiponectin and omentin–1 and increased IL–6 may improve sensitivity of early risk prediction tools for women at high risk of GDM. This may allow early identification and opportunities for prevention of GDM and adverse outcomes. Further research is required in large validation studies to confirm these results.

Methods

• Researchers studied serum adipocytokines and inflammatory markers at 12-15 weeks gestation using biobanked control samples from a randomised trial.
• They distinguished study participants as high risk for GDM applying a validated clinical risk prediction tool.
• They assessed markers applying commercial ELISA kits for high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, visfatin, omentin-1, sex-hormone binding globulin, monocyte chemoattractant protein and asymmetrical dimethylarginine.
• They analyzed the correlation between each biomarker and development of GDM at 24-28weeks applying multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for maternal factors.

Results

• No differences in age, parity, country of birth, smoking, body mass index or family history of diabetes were found in women with normal glucose tolerance (n=78) and women who developed GDM (n=25).
• It was demonstrated that women with GDM were more likely to have a past history of GDM (p=0.004).
• The results of this study displayed that HMW adiponectin (odds ratio OR 0.37 [95% confidence interval 0.19-0.74]), omentin-1 (0.97[0.94-0.99]) and IL-6 (1.87[1.03-3.37]) were correlated with development of GDM, after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index and past history of GDM.
• Remarkably, the other markers were not correlated with GDM development.