van den Boom AL, et al. - Studies on duration of antibiotic treatment following appendectomy for complex appendicitis were critically appraised in this review. In this systematic literature search, comparative studies evaluating different durations of postoperative antibiotic therapy were evaluated for intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) after appendectomy and for surgical site infection, readmission and length of hospital stay. IAA was reported in 138 patients (8,6%). As per meta-analysis, antibiotic treatment of ≤5 vs >5 days but not ≤3 vs >3 days had correlation to a statistically significant difference in IAA incidence. For complex appendicitis, no correlation of the duration of postoperative antibiotic treatment with IAA following appendectomy was noted.