Schain F, Vago E, Song C, et al. - From National Cancer Registries, Swedish and Norwegian myelofibrosis (MF) patients who received ruxolitinib were examined to estimate their survival. Patients who initiated ruxolitinib (n = 190) had 1-year and 4-year relative survival of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.86) and 0.52 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.64), respectively, and loss in life expectancy of 11 years. Patients aged > 70 years had greater Excess Mortality Rate Ratio compared with those < 60 years. Researchers observed dismal survival outcomes and limited subsequent treatment options among Swedish and Norwegian MF patients who discontinued ruxolitinib. This highlights the necessity for improved therapies.