Kain JJ, et al. - Through a review of the available literature, researchers analyzed the currently available techniques for intraoperative margin assessment in the surgical treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The data surrounding the use of frozen section in OCSS in this review were discussed. Alternative margin assessment techniques, including Mohs, molecular analysis, nonfluorescent dyes, fluorescent dyes, autofluorescent imaging, narrow-band imaging, optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, high-resolution microendoscopy, and spectroscopy are also discussed. Particular emphasis for each technique is placed on local recurrence, disease-free survival and, where available, overall survival rates. This review provides support for specimen-driven margin evaluation practice when using frozen section analysis to enhance the usefulness of the results. Finally, several alternatives are presented for the currently under investigation intraoperative margin assessment, including pathological, wide-field imaging and narrow-field imaging techniques.