Marciano S, et al. - In this retrospective cohort study involving 115 patients, researchers determined the incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) recurrence in patients with cirrhosis receiving secondary prophylaxis with norfloxacin and investigated the factors associated with SBP recurrence. In the first episode of SBP, the prevalence of quinolone-resistant and multiresistant bacteria in patients with culture-positive SBP was 70.96% and 12.90%. After 365 days, the cumulative incidence of SBP recurrence was 28.53%. The estimated sub-hazard ratio of SBP recurrence in male patients was 2.52. No other risk factors have been identified for recurrence of SBP. Although changes in SBP bacteriology have occurred over time, its rate of recurrence in norfloxacin-treated patients remains similar to what was reported in the initial studies.