Aboudi D, et al. - In this retrospective case-control study, the researchers intended to evaluate whether sildenafil is associated with worsening retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (≤1500 g) with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2012, VLBW infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were involved. Results revealed that 5 exposed infants and 2 unexposed infants had severe ROP before beginning sildenafil and were excluded from the analysis for worsening ROP. In spite of the fact that sildenafil treatment was not statistically significantly correlated with worsening of ROP, the raw difference in ROP rate was concerning.