Kohli DR, et al. - In this retrospective case-cohort study, the researchers intended to assess the risk of clinically significant infections after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in liver transplant recipients (LTR) who received antibiotic prophylaxis compared to those who did not. From 2008 to 2015, all LTR who underwent elective, outpatient ERCP were evaluated. They excluded hospitalized patients, pediatric allograft recipients and patients with cholangitis or incomplete biliary drainage. The present data indicated that the risk of infectious complications after ERCP in LTR was low and not affected by administration of prophylactic antibiotics. In selected LTR at low risk of infections, a tailored approach to antibiotic prophylaxis could be more appropriate than universal prophylaxis.