Kim ED, et al. - Researchers assessed incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) (coronary disease, stroke, and heart failure) and all-cause mortality in relation to 4 pulse wave velocity measures [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), heart-femoral, brachial-ankle, heart-ankle] and 2 new measures of arterial stiffness [cardio-ankle vascular index and cardio-femoral vascular index derived from heart-ankle and heart-femoral, respectively] in 3,034 participants (66–90 years) without CVD from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. A median follow-up of 4.4 years was performed, which revealed 168 incident CVD events and 244 deaths. No strong links with CVD were demonstrated by stiffness measures. Only cfPWV showed a J-shaped link even after adjusting for potential confounders. In this study, cfPWV was further supported as the index measure of arterial stiffness. The association of arterial stiffness with heart failure development was also supported. The prognostic significance of arterial stiffness was suggested to be somewhat limited in older adults overall.