Krepis P et al. – This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of short–course liposomal amphotericin B (L–AmB) regimens for the treatment of children with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The study demonstrated that large L–AmB doses can lead to a higher rate of adverse events (AEs) including nephrotoxicity.

Methods

• The study was a retrospective review of 43 cases of VL treated at a tertiary children’s hospital over an 11–year period.
• All patients were treated with 5 different L–AmB regimens (dose: 18–22 mg/kg).

Results

• All patients achieved initial response to treatment; 98% of patients attained definitive cure at 6 months.
• AEs were reported in 14 children, with the most common AEs being infusion reactions and electrolyte disorders.
• Self–limiting nephrotoxicity was reported in 3 patients and ventricular arrhythmias developed in 1 patient, leading to drug discontinuation.
• No significant difference in toxicity based on dosing regimens was observed.