Milam J, et al. - In this demonstration study performed including 398 men who have sex with men who initiated pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and were followed over 48 weeks at 4 sites in Southern California, researchers focussed on sexual risk compensation (ie, increased unsafe sex among PrEP users that may undermine prevention efforts), a public health concern regarding HIV PrEP. Over 48 weeks, the PrEP group displayed a significant reduction in the number of unknown HIV status sex partners and increases in condomless receptive anal sex (CRAS) at all study visits; number of HIV+ sex partners or condomless insertive anal sex (CIAS) did not show consistent change. Some evidence here supported sexual risk compensation. Current guidelines of regular STI screening and behavioral risk reduction and adherence counseling were thus supported with the provision of PrEP.