Xia S, Du X, Guo L, et al. - Researchers applied logistic regression models to properly quantify sex differences in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China. Between 2014 and 2016, they performed a representative, cross-sectional, community-based survey involving adults (aged ≥ 45 years) from 7 geographic regions of China. There were 47,841 participants (61.3% women) in total, of these, 5,454 (57.2% women) and 9,532 (70.5% women) had established CVD and a high estimated 10-year CVD risk (≥ 10%), respectively. It was noted that any kind of blood pressure (BP)–lowering medication, lipid-lowering medication, or antiplatelet therapy was prescribed to only 48.5% and 48.6% of women and 39.3% and 59.8% of men for primary and secondary prevention, respectively. The likelihood of receiving BP-lowering medications, lipid-lowering medications, antiplatelets, or any CVD prevention medication was significantly less among women with established CVD vs men. A less chance of receiving CVD preventive medications was also noted in younger patients (< 65 years) with established CVD, but no gender disparities by area of residence or education level were evident. Findings highlighted the existence of large and variable gaps in primary and secondary CVD prevention in China, especially for women. To ensure effective CVD prevention, there is a necessity to improve overall nationwide strategy as well as to specially emphasize on women with established CVD, who face the greatest disparity and the most to benefit.