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Sequence analysis of 20,453 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 genomes from the Houston metropolitan area identifies the emergence and widespread distribution of multiple isolates of all major variants of concern

American Journal of Pathology Apr 06, 2021

Long SW, Olsen RJ, Christensen PA, et al. - Right from the beginning of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, international concern has been raised regarding the emergence of virus variants with mutations that raise transmissibility, increase escape from the human immune response, or otherwise alter biologically relevant phenotypes. In late 2020, emergence of several variants of concern was recorded globally, including the UK variant (B.1.1.7), the South Africa variant (B.1.351), Brazil variants (P.1 and P.2), and two related California variants of interest (B.1.429 and B.1.427). Researchers herein described identification of all six of these SARS-CoV-2 variants among Houston Methodist Hospital (Houston, TX) patients residing in the greater metropolitan area on the basis of their extensive genome sequencing program that involved 20,453 coronavirus disease 2019 patient samples obtained from March 2020 to February 2021. Although the population, at present, harbor all these variants at a relatively low frequency (aggregate of 1.1%), the variants are suggested to be geographically widespread. In Houston, genome sequencing revealed active circulation of all six current variants of concern. With acceleration of vaccine deployment, it will be important to increase genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 to attain insight into the presence, frequency, and medical impact of consequential variants and their patterns and trajectory of dissemination.

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