Zhang Y, et al. - In Chinese adults with and without diabetes, researchers for the first time assessed the individual and combined relationships of physical activity and obesity with blood lipids. Data were collected from 17,535 participants between the ages of 18 and 78. To examine the associations of physical activity and obesity with lipid-related indices, linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. Inactive participants had higher triglycerides (TG), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and higher odds ratios for abnormal TG and HDL-C vs physically active participants. Obese participants had higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), TG and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lower HDL-C level, and higher odds ratios for the four abnormal lipid indices vs non-obese participants. The presence of abnormal TG and HDL-C was associated with physical inactivity and obesity, regardless of diabetes. In addition, when physical inactivity and obesity co-exist, there were additive effects on blood lipids.