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Safety of administering cefazolin vs other antibiotics in penicillin-allergic patients for surgical prophylaxis at a major Canadian teaching hospital

Surgery Apr 24, 2021

Grant JM, Song WHC, Shajari S, et al. - Researchers assessed whether cefazolin as surgical prophylaxis is safe for penicillin-allergic patients, including those with anaphylaxis histories. They performed a pre as well as postintervention quality improvement assessment of an institution-wide policy change at a tertiary-care hospital, prior to, during, as well as following transition to routine cefazolin prophylaxis for penicillin-allergic cases, including those with anaphylaxis histories but eliminating severe delayed reactions (eg, Stevens-Johnson syndrome). Among 220 patients with penicillin-anaphylactic histories who were reviewed before the complete policy change, it was noted that allergic reactions, surgical site infections, or adverse events did not differ statistically significantly between cefazolin vs other antibiotics. After policy change, cefazolin utilization rose 18.2%, while there was a reduction in vancomycin and clindamycin usage by 11.4% and 62.0%, respectively. Overall, cefazolin as a surgical prophylaxis seemed to be safe for penicillin-anaphylactic patients.

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