Cook MR, et al. - Researchers examined the safety and effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with HIV infection and advanced-stage cancer via a systematic review. From 13 articles (11 case reports and 2 case series) and 4 meeting abstracts, they identified 73 patients (66 [90.4%] male; mean age, 56.1 years [range, 30.0-77.0 years]). The patients tolerated immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy well, with 6 of 70 patients experiencing grade 3 or higher immune-related adverse events. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy showed no correlation with adverse changes in HIV load or CD4 cell count. Various cancer types including non–small cell lung cancer, melanoma, and Kaposi sarcoma showed antitumor activity. These findings support immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy as safe and efficacious in HIV-infected individuals with advanced-stage cancer, however, there is a necessity for ongoing prospective trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors in this patient population to confirm these findings.