Karim NA, et al. - For patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), researchers intended to offer an optimized treatment strategy and a complementary diagnostic testing approach. For NSCLC patients, efficacious and personalized options can be derived via targeted therapies and immune checkpoint blockers. In order to make sure that the specific tumor type in each patient is managed by the most efficacious option, knowledge of the genetic changes that are present is required, for which meticulous molecular analysis of tumor samples is crucial. The best possibility for prolonged survival is offered by tailored therapy, in each case. Prior to making each treatment decision, the first consideration should be to enroll patients in clinical trials.