Stolyar L, et al. - To gain clarity about the role of rituximab (RTX) for lupus nephritis (LN), researchers performed a systematic review and analysis. This analysis included 31 studies of RTX for class I–VI LN. Studies focusing on pediatric patients were not included. The superiority of RTX+cyclophosphamide (CYC) vs CYC alone was reported in one randomized controlled trial (RCT). In six prospective and retrospective investigations using RTX monotherapy, 66% complete renal response or partial renal response was reported in all patients. Overall, RTX seemed to be beneficial for certain LN patients, but exercising caution while interpreting results is important because most studies were not randomized or properly controlled, were heterogeneous in design, participants, and LN types, and were not comparable. Sufficient depletion of B cells for the perturbations of LN may not be achieved with RTX alone. In patients of different ethnic and racial backgrounds, RTX may induce responses differently. In addition, the baseline features of the patients, namely LN class, time course of disease, age, and prior immunosuppressive use, demonstrated wide variations. Experts recommend a prospective RCT with patients aged 18–65 years with class IV LN.