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Risk of traumatic brain injuries in infants younger than 3 months with minor blunt head trauma

Annals of Emergency Medicine Jun 24, 2021

Abid Z, Kuppermann N, Tancredi DJ, et al. - Infants younger than 3 months of age, who did and did not meet the age-specific Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) low-risk criteria for children with minor blunt head trauma, were investigated for the risk of clinically important traumatic brain injuries, traumatic brain injuries on computed tomography (CT) images, and skull fractures. A secondary analysis of infants < 3 months old was carried out in the public use data set from PECARN’s prospective observational study of children with minor blunt head trauma. Among 10,904 patients < 2 years old, complete data were available for 1,081 (9.9%) infants younger than 3 months of age; most (750/1081, 69.6%) sustained falls, and 633/1081 (58.6%) underwent CT scans. Per findings, infants < 3 months old at low risk of clinically important traumatic brain injuries can be accurately identified using the PECARN traumatic brain injury low-risk criteria. However, the risk for traumatic brain injuries on CT remains for infants at low risk for clinically important traumatic brain injuries, suggesting the need for practicing caution in these infants.

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